GHK-Cu (Copper Peptide Complex)
| Specification | Detail |
|---|---|
| CAS No | 49557-75-7 (GHK); copper complex variable |
| Molecular Formula | C₁₄H₂₁N₆O₄Cu (copper complex) |
| Molecular Weight | 398.89 g/mol (copper complex) |
| Purity | ≥99% (HPLC) |
| Appearance | Light blue lyophilized powder (copper complex characteristic color) |
| Manufacturing Standards | GMP-compliant facilities |
| Pricing | CU50: $24 · CU100: $29 ( (10 vials per box) |
| MOQ | 1 box (10 vials); bulk orders welcome |
| Wholesale | Available for institutional and B2B clients |
| Research Use Only | For laboratory and scientific research purposes only. Not for human use. |
AMP Peptide supplies high-purity GHK-Cu (Copper Peptide Complex) as a lyophilized peptide designed for laboratory research applications. Manufactured in GMP-compliant facilities and rigorously tested via HPLC and mass spectrometry, our GHK-Cu meets the quality standards demanded by academic institutions, pharmaceutical R&D departments, and biotechnology laboratories worldwide.
For pricing, bulk orders, or technical inquiries, contact us.
Short Product Overview
GHK-Cu (Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine Copper Complex) is a naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide that has been extensively investigated in cell biology and tissue remodeling research. First identified in human plasma, GHK-Cu consists of a glycine-histidine-lysine peptide sequence complexed with a copper(II) ion. This tripeptide belongs to the class of metal-binding peptides and has been studied for its effects on cellular proliferation, extracellular matrix protein synthesis, and antioxidant enzyme expression in laboratory models.
What Is GHK-Cu Peptide
Discovery and Research Background
GHK was first isolated from human plasma by Dr. Loren Pickart in 1973 during research on tissue remodeling factors in aging. The tripeptide was found to be present in human plasma at concentrations that decrease with age. The copper complex form (GHK-Cu) was subsequently identified as the biologically active species. The peptide’s ability to chelate copper ions and deliver them to cells is central to its biological activity in research models. Since its discovery, GHK-Cu has been investigated in hundreds of studies examining its effects on fibroblast activity, collagen metabolism, and tissue remodeling processes.
Amino Acid Sequence
Gly-His-Lys (tripeptide)
Peptide Classification
Copper-binding peptides / Metal-peptide complexes / Extracellular matrix research peptides / Cellular signaling tripeptides
Laboratory Applications
GHK-Cu is widely utilized in preclinical research settings for:
- In vitro cell culture studies examining cellular behavior and signaling
- In vivo animal models investigating tissue-level responses
- Molecular biology assays exploring signaling pathways
- Biochemical characterization studies
- Comparative peptide analysis research
The peptide is supplied as a lyophilized powder for reconstitution in laboratory-grade solvents prior to experimental use.
Molecular Characteristics
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C₁₄H₂₁N₆O₄Cu (copper complex) |
| Molecular Weight | 398.89 g/mol (copper complex) |
| CAS Number | 49557-75-7 (GHK); copper complex variable |
| Purity | ≥99% (HPLC) |
| Appearance | Light blue lyophilized powder (copper complex characteristic color) |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, PBS, saline |
| Storage Conditions | -20°C (long-term); 2-8°C (short-term, desiccated) |
| Stability | Stable for 24+ months lyophilized at -20°C; reconstituted solutions stable for 7-14 days at 2-8°C |
Research Overview
GHK-Cu has been investigated in numerous laboratory models exploring biological mechanisms at the molecular and cellular level.
Key Areas of Laboratory Investigation
- Cell signaling studies: Examination of peptide-receptor interactions and downstream signaling cascades
- Cellular behavior assays: Migration, proliferation, and differentiation studies in controlled conditions
- Biochemical pathway analysis: Molecular mechanism investigations using purified systems
- Tissue-level research: Ex vivo and in vivo model systems for translational research
Receptor and Signaling Pathway Research
Current understanding of GHK-Cu’s molecular mechanism involves interactions with specific signaling pathways relevant to its peptide class. Researchers have employed various biochemical and cell-based assays to elucidate these interactions in controlled laboratory settings.
Biological Models Studied
- Rodent research models
- Cell culture systems (primary and immortalized lines)
- Ex vivo tissue preparations
- Biochemical reconstitution systems
How Does GHK-Cu Work
GHK-Cu functions through multiple molecular mechanisms, primarily related to its copper-binding properties and receptor-mediated signaling.
Copper Delivery and Cellular Uptake
The tripeptide functions as a natural copper carrier, binding copper(II) ions with high affinity. The GHK-Cu complex delivers copper to cells through endocytic pathways, making this essential trace element available for copper-dependent enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), cytochrome c oxidase, and lysyl oxidase.
Extracellular Matrix Modulation
GHK-Cu has been shown to upregulate collagen Type I and Type III expression in fibroblast cultures, affecting the structural composition of the extracellular matrix. Research models demonstrate increased fibroblast proliferation and migration following GHK-Cu treatment, suggesting effects on cell-matrix signaling.
Matrix Metalloproteinase Regulation
GHK-Cu influences the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs), contributing to balanced ECM remodeling in experimental systems. This modulation affects tissue architecture and cellular migration through the extracellular environment.
Antioxidant Enzyme Expression
The peptide has been reported to increase the expression of antioxidant enzymes including catalase and superoxide dismutase in cell culture models, suggesting a role in cellular oxidative stress response pathways.
Manufacturing Process
AMP Peptide produces GHK-Cu through a controlled manufacturing process designed to ensure batch-to-batch consistency and high purity.
Step 1: Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis (SPPS)
GHK-Cu is synthesized using Fmoc-based solid-phase peptide synthesis chemistry. The amino acid sequence is assembled sequentially on a resin support, with each amino acid addition verified through coupling efficiency monitoring.
Step 2: Cleavage and Deprotection
Following sequence completion, the peptide is cleaved from the resin and side-chain protecting groups are removed. The crude peptide is then precipitated and washed to remove residual reagents.
Step 3: Preparative HPLC Purification
The crude peptide undergoes purification via preparative reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), achieving the target purity specification.
Step 4: Mass Spectrometry Confirmation
Purified peptide is analyzed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) to confirm molecular identity.
Step 5: Lyophilization
The purified peptide solution is lyophilized (freeze-dried) to produce a stable lyophilized powder.
Step 6: Quality Control Testing
Each production batch undergoes comprehensive QC testing as described below.
Step 7: Packaging
Lyophilized peptide is packaged under controlled conditions in sterile, graduated vials or bulk containers.
Why Purity Matters
Peptide purity is a critical parameter in laboratory research. Impurities can produce confounding results in biological assays. AMP Peptide maintains rigorous purity standards to support data integrity.
Product Specifications
| Item | Specification |
|---|---|
| Product Name | GHK-Cu (Copper Peptide Complex) |
| CAS Number | 49557-75-7 (GHK); copper complex variable |
| Molecular Formula | C₁₄H₂₁N₆O₄Cu (copper complex) |
| Molecular Weight | 398.89 g/mol (copper complex) |
| Purity | ≥99% (HPLC) |
| Appearance | Light blue lyophilized powder (copper complex characteristic color) |
| Storage | -20°C (long-term); 2-8°C (reconstituted, short-term) |
| MOQ | 1 box (10 vials); bulk orders available |
| Pricing | CU50 (50 mg × 10 vials): $24 · CU100 (100 mg × 10 vials): $29 |
| Package Options | Vials (10/box), bulk containers, custom packaging |
| Shelf Life | 24 months (lyophilized, proper storage) |
| Testing Method | HPLC, ESI-MS, Amino Acid Analysis |
Quality Control
AMP Peptide implements a comprehensive quality control protocol for every batch.
HPLC Analysis
Reverse-phase HPLC is performed on each batch to determine purity. The chromatogram is analyzed for main peak purity, with our specification threshold ensuring the target peptide constitutes the vast majority of the product.
Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS)
Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry provides molecular weight confirmation. The measured mass is compared against the calculated monoisotopic mass.
Certificate of Analysis (COA)
Each shipment includes a COA documenting:
- HPLC purity percentage
- HPLC chromatogram (available upon request)
- ESI-MS confirmation spectrum
- Peptide content
- Appearance and physical description
Additional Testing Available
- Amino Acid Analysis (AAA): Quantitative composition verification
- Water Content (Karl Fischer): Residual moisture determination
- Endotoxin Testing: LAL assay
- Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS): Sequence confirmation
Batch Traceability
All batches are assigned unique lot numbers with full manufacturing records maintained for complete traceability.
Available Specifications & Pricing
| Code | Product Name | Specification | Price (USD/Box) |
|---|---|---|---|
| CU50 | GHK-Cu | 50 mg × 10 vials | $24 |
| CU100 | GHK-Cu | 100 mg × 10 vials | $29 |
| Custom | GHK-Cu | Bulk / Custom spec | Contact us |
Wholesale and Bulk Orders
AMP Peptide offers competitive pricing for institutional and bulk orders. Each box contains 10 vials at the specified dosage. For orders exceeding standard specifications or requiring customized packaging, please contact us for a tailored quotation.
OEM and Private Label
For qualified B2B partners, we offer OEM and private label services, including custom vial labeling, packaging design, and dedicated batch production.
Applications in Research
Molecular Research
GHK-Cu is employed in molecular biology investigations examining cell signaling pathways, gene expression regulation, and protein interactions. Researchers utilize the peptide in Western blotting, ELISA, and PCR-based assays to study downstream effects of peptide treatment.
Cell Studies
In cell culture models, this peptide has been studied for its effects on cellular behavior, signaling activation, and molecular responses under controlled experimental conditions.
Laboratory Investigations
Key experimental areas include signaling pathway analysis, cellular response characterization, receptor binding studies, and biochemical mechanism investigations.
Why Choose AMP Peptide
GMP-Compliant Manufacturing
Our production facilities operate under Good Manufacturing Practice guidelines, ensuring consistent quality across all batches.
Rigorous Quality Testing
Every batch undergoes HPLC purity analysis, mass spectrometry identity confirmation, and peptide content determination. Third-party testing available upon request.
Global Export Experience
AMP Peptide ships to research institutions, biotechnology companies, and pharmaceutical laboratories worldwide.
Custom Manufacturing Capabilities
Custom synthesis services for modified sequences, specialized purity grades, or specific requirements.
Wholesale Supply Capacity
Production capacity supports institutional and wholesale orders with consistent pricing and reliable lead times.
Complete Documentation
Certificates of Analysis included with every order. HPLC chromatograms and MS spectra available upon request.
Technical Support
Our scientific team is available for technical questions regarding handling, reconstitution, storage, and experimental applications.
Packaging Information
| Parameter | Detail |
|---|---|
| Vial Size | 2 mL, 5 mL, 10 mL (graduated, sterile) |
| Vial Material | Type I borosilicate glass |
| Closure | Rubber stopper with aluminum crimp seal |
| Labels | Product name, quantity, purity, lot number, storage conditions |
| Cold Chain Shipping | Available for temperature-sensitive orders |
| Export Packaging | Triple-layer packaging compliant with international shipping regulations |
| Bulk Packaging | HDPE containers with desiccant for gram-scale orders |
| Documentation | COA, MSDS, packing list, commercial invoice |
Storage Information
Lyophilized Peptide Storage
Store at -20°C for long-term preservation. Under these conditions, the peptide remains stable for 24 months or longer.
Short-Term Storage
Storage at 2-8°C in a desiccated environment is acceptable for up to 30 days. Keep vial tightly sealed and protected from moisture.
Reconstituted Peptide Storage
Store reconstituted solutions at 2-8°C and use within 7-14 days. Aliquot and freeze at -20°C for extended use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Stability Considerations
- Temperature: Maintain cold storage
- Moisture: Minimize ambient humidity exposure
- pH: Optimal stability at pH 4-7
- Oxidation: Protect from prolonged atmospheric oxygen exposure
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FAQ Section
)
For a complete overview of all available research peptides and pricing, visit our complete peptide product catalog.
What is GHK-Cu peptide?
GHK-Cu is a synthetic peptide supplied for laboratory research purposes. It is designed for use in controlled research settings investigating cellular signaling, molecular mechanisms, and biological pathway analysis.
Is GHK-Cu suitable for laboratory research?
Yes, this product is manufactured specifically for laboratory and scientific research purposes. It is not intended for human consumption or medical use.
How should this peptide be stored?
Lyophilized peptide should be stored at -20°C for long-term preservation. For short-term use, storage at 2-8°C in a desiccated environment is acceptable. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles after reconstitution.
What purity specifications are available?
Our standard purity is ≥99% (HPLC) as determined by HPLC analysis. Custom specifications are available upon request.
What testing methods are used?
Each batch is tested using reverse-phase HPLC for purity determination and ESI-MS for molecular weight identity confirmation.
Is wholesale available?
Yes, AMP Peptide offers wholesale pricing for bulk orders. Volume-based pricing is available for institutional and B2B clients.
Can custom packaging be provided?
Yes, OEM and private label services are available for qualified B2B partners, including custom packaging and labeling.
Does AMP Peptide provide COA documents?
Yes, every order includes a Certificate of Analysis with full analytical documentation. Additional data is available upon request.
What industries use this peptide?
Academic research institutions, pharmaceutical R&D laboratories, biotechnology companies, and contract research organizations (CROs).
What shipping methods are available?
Standard and express shipping are available for domestic and international orders. Cold chain shipping is available for temperature-sensitive protocols.
What is the shelf life?
24 months or longer when stored properly at -20°C in lyophilized form.
Is this product legal for research purposes?
This peptide is supplied exclusively for laboratory research purposes. Researchers should verify compliance with local regulations governing research peptide procurement and use in their jurisdiction.
Research Use Disclaimer
This product is supplied exclusively for laboratory and scientific research purposes.
It is not intended for human consumption, medical use, diagnosis, treatment, or disease prevention. This peptide has not been evaluated by the FDA or any other regulatory body for safety or efficacy in humans. The product is intended for use by qualified researchers in controlled laboratory settings only.
AMP Peptide makes no claims regarding therapeutic or medical benefits. All products are manufactured for research purposes and sold with the understanding that the purchaser will use them in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.